On October 4, 1957, the Soviet Union, which had just recovered from the war, amazed the world with news from the field of high technology – the Soviets, who were reproached for technological backwardness, managed to be the first in the world to launch a satellite into space. True, it was originally planned to send a more complex device into orbit, but the data that the United States would launch its satellite in 1958 forced Korolev to hurry. The mass of the Sputnik-1 spacecraft, which the American press nicknamed the “Red Moon”, was 83.6 kg, the maximum diameter was 0.58 m. It flew in space for 92 days, having made 1440 revolutions around the Earth during this time. Satellite signals could be received using ordinary amateur radio equipment, and radio transmitters worked for three weeks after the launch. Gradually, the device lost speed and burned up in the dense layers of the atmosphere.
