Confederate Artillary

CSA: The Bravery of John Pelham’s “Creole” Cannoniers at the [1862] Battle of Fredericksburg! (17.2.2025)

Despite using good terrain to the maximum advantage, Pelham’s single cannon was still far in advance of the Confederate frontline. Firing at the Union flank meant each cannon-ball smashed through multiple ranks of soldiers – hitting side-on. It was a dangerous gamble – but one which paid-off because Pelham was a competent Officer and his “Creole” crew superb when under fire. A Union Pennsylvanian Infantry Regiment started to take ridiculous numbers of casualties as Pelham’s cannon balls smashed there way through life and limb. However, Pelham only managed to fire three rounds before Union return fire stated coming in. At one-point, as Union rounds were landing, the Louisiana “Creole” crew began to sing the French “La Marseillaise” in defiance. Within minutes, hundreds of Union cannons, both near and far, were returning fire into the general direction, even though the lay of the land often prevented a clear line of sight. The reality was that the Union forces only had to land just one well-placed shot to destroy the single Confederate cannon and neutralise most of its crew. Pelham had chosen his position so well that despite the weight of return fire – the Union artillery found it very difficult to score a direct hit.

Private Thomas J Higgins - Union Flag-Bearer - Vicksburg (1863)

Email: Vicksburg – The Bravery of Private Thomas J Higgins (1831-1917) – Union Flag-Bearer! (22.10.2024)

This immense fire-power (in a confined space) made a killing field of the redoubt. Those Union attackers that managed to survive the attack across open-ground had to climb a 18-foot breastwork (including trench) before even getting to grips with the defenders – who simply stuck the muskets out of fire-holes and opened-fire at point-blank range! On top of this, Confederate “Grenadiers” lobbed cannon-balls with five-second fuses into the mass of attacking enemy troops. Needless to say, bravery has its limit, and many Union soldiers broke-off the attack and retreated back to their lines – usually minus copious numbers of their friends and colleagues. Meanwhile, Confederate casualties were minimal.