Fragments of impactor residues identified in the lunar soil of Chang'e-6 in this study. Photo courtesy of the scientific research team of the Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences

China: Scientists Discover Rare Meteorite Relics in Chang’e-6 Far-Side Lunar Samples! (21.10.2025)

Using advanced techniques to examine mineral composition and oxygen isotopes, the researchers scrutinized lunar soil and confirmed that the fragments came from CI-like chondrites — a type of meteorite rich in water and organic materials that typically originates in the outer Solar System.

The study implies that the Earth-Moon system may have experienced more collisions from carbonaceous chondrites than scientists had previously estimated.

This discovery not only indicates that material from the outer Solar System can migrate to the inner Solar System, but also has important implications for explaining the origin of water on the lunar surface, said Lin Mang, a researcher at GIG.

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China Focus: Foreign Scientists Thank China for Sharing Lunar Exploration Opportunity! (3.6.2024)

The lander of the Chang’e-6 spacecraft also carried an instrument, called Negative Ions on the Lunar Surface (NILS), developed by the ESA/Sweden to the moon, which will be used to detect negative ions and study the interaction between plasma and the lunar surface.

Neil Melville-Kenney, NILS technical officer of the ESA, said the CNSA’s initiative to invite international partners to participate in the Chang’e-6 mission is very much appreciated by the international community.

“It’s a very impressive mission, a very ambitious mission. So we are very pleased to be a part of it. And the collaboration has gone very smoothly. Now we are waiting for the payload to be turned on so that we can get our first data,” he said.

“It’s very important to have international cooperation for space exploration. I think space exploration encourages us to consider our planet as one and our people as one. And it’s important that we work together as we start to explore the solar system more and more. Together we can achieve greater things,” he added.