A skill is missing which must be acquired and formulated into an effective code. In other words, the ability to fight is a) lacking, b) must be attained, and c) its principles placed into a logical code for others to follow. Within Okinawan and Japanese martial arts this refers to training for combat – or what is referred to as ‘Sparring’ in the West. This is NOT sport fighting for egotistical reasons – but rather self-defence so that the physical body ‘survives’ any martial encounter. The body may be wounded or unhurt – either it is alive. This is different to gaining a piece of coloured cloth worn around the waist – or a shining tin cup, etc. Fighting for one’s life is very different to fighting for money.